Published Studies on PPM

Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™) has been shown to significantly reduce contamination in plant tissue culture, improving the success rate of propagation. Research studies demonstrate how PPM™ enhances plant growth by controlling microbial activity. Explore these published Studies on PPM and discover how PPM™ can optimize your tissue culture processes.

• Miyazaki J, Tan BH, Errington SG, Kuo JS. Bacterial endophyte in Macropidia fuliginosa: its localisation and eradication from in vitro cultured basal-stem callus. Aust J Bot. 2011;59(4):363-368.
• Lata H, Chandra S, Khan IA, ElSohly MA. Propagation through alginate encapsulation of axillary buds of Cannabis sativa L. — an important medicinal plant.  Phys and Mol Biol of Plants. 2009;15(1):79-86.
• Greer SP, Rinehart TA.  Dormancy and Germination In Vitro Response of Hydrangea macrophylla and Hydrangea paniculata Seed to Light, Cold-Treatment and Gibberellic Acid. J. Environ. Hort. 2010;28(1):41–47.
• Moghaddam S, et al. Optimization of an Efficient Semi-Solid Culture Protocol for Sterilization and Plant Regeneration of Centella asiatica (L.) as a Medicinal Herb. Molecules. 2011;16(11): 8981-8991
• Çolgecen H, Koca U, Toker G. Infl uence of diff erent sterilization methods on callus initiation and production of pigmented callus in Arnebia densifl ora Ledeb. Turk J Biol. 2011; 35:513-520
• Pouvreau J, et al. A high-throughput seed germination assay for root parasitic plants. Plant Methods 2013;9:32
• Marecik R, Bialas W, Cyplik P, Lawniczak L, Chrzanowski L. Phytoremediation Potential of Three Wetland Plant Species Toward Atrazine in Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012;21(3):697-702
• Pérez Flores J, Aguilar Vega ME, Roca Tripepi R. Assays for the in vitro establishment of Swietenia macrophylla and Cedrela odorata. Rev. Colomb. Biotecnol. 2012;14(1)
• Nesterenko-Malkovskaya A, Kirzhner F, Zimmels Y, Armon R. Eichhornia crassipes capability to remove naphthalene from wastewater in the absence of bacteria. Chemosphere. 2012;87(10):1186-1191.
• Kieffer M, Fuller MP. In Vitro Propagation of Cauliflower Using Curd Microexplants. Meth Mol Biol. 2013;994:329-339.
• Kodym A, Temsch E, Bunn E, Delpratt J. Ploidy stability of somatic embryo-derived plants in two ecological keystone sedge species (Lepidosperma laterale and L. concavum, Cyperaceae). Aust J Bot. 2012;60(5):396-404.
• Peña-Ramírez YJ, et al. Induction of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in the tropical timber tree Spanish red cedar [Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae)]. PCTOC. 2011;105(2):203-209.
• Haddadi F, Adb Aziz M, Saleh G. Abd Rashid A, Kamaladini H. Micropropagation of Strawberry cv. Camarosa: Prolific Shoot Regeneration from In Vitro Shoot Tips Using Thidiazuron with N6-benzylamino-purine. HortScience. 2010;45(3):453-456.
• Jimenez VM, Castillo J, Tavares E, Guevara E, Montiel M. In vitro propagation of the neotropical giant bamboo, Guadua angustifolia Kunth, through axillary shoot proliferation. PCTOC. 2006;86:389–395.
• Compton ME, Koch JM. Influence of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM) on adventitous organogenesis in Melon, Petunia, and Tobacco. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.- Plant. 2001;37:259-261
• V. M. Jimenez., J. Castillo., E. Tavares., E. Guevara., M. Montiel. 2006. In vitro propagation of the neotropical giant bamboo, Guadua angustifolia Kunth, through axillary shoot proliferation. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. (2006)86:389–395. ( full text )
• Compton, Michael E. and Jennifer M. Koch. 1999. Influence of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM) on adventitous organogenesis. In Vitro - Plant 35(3): 40-A.
• Compton Michael E. and Jenniffer M. Koch 2001. Influence of Plant Preservative Mixture ( PPM ) on adventitious organogenesis in melon, petunia and tobacco. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol.- Plant 37: 259-261.
• Guri, Assaf Z. and Kishor N. Patel. 1998. Compositions and methods to prevent microbial contamination of plant tissue culture media. United States Patent 5,750,402 (Go to: and type in "Guri" in the search box in the US patent office patent website).
• Guri, Assaf Z. 1998. Advances in Controlling Plant Tissue Culture Contamination Using the New Biocide PPM (Poster Presentation). XXXVII Congresso Viterbo 28-30 Septembre 1998, Societa Italiana di Fisiologia Vegetale.
• Lunghusen, John. 1998. An effective biocide for plant tissue culture. Australian Horticulture (January 1998): 46-48.
• M.P. Fuller and T. Pizzey., Vitro Cult. & Hort. Breeding, Eds. S. Sorvari et al. Acta Hort 560, ISHS 2001 "Teaching Fast and Reliable Plant Tissue Culture Using PPM and Brassicas".
• M. Babaoglu & M. Yorgancilar, Plant Cell. Tissue. Organ. Culture 2000 440 : 31-34.
• Niedz, Randall P. 1998. Using isothiazolone biocides to control microbial and fungal contaminants in plant tissue cultures. HortTechnology 8 (4): 598-601.
• Renfroe, M.H., J.T. Hitt, J.P. McNicholas, J.A. Priday and V.B. Delgaiza. 1999. Comparison of laboratory and field Portulaca culture establishment techniques. In Vitro - Plant 35(3): 53-A.
• Sandra M. Reed J. Environ., Hort. 2000 18(1) 34-39
• Stiff, Carol M. 1998. Plant tissue culture for the classroom and home: A manual to accompany the Kitchen Culture Kit. Kitchen Culture Kits, Inc. 72 p.
• Stiff, Carol M. 1999. Successful plant tissue culture in the classroom or home. In Vitro - Plant 35(3): 53-A.
• Stiff, Carol M. 1999. Plant tissue culture for the classroom and home: An interactive CD with lessons, lectures, labs, and technical manual. Kitchen Culture Kits, Inc. kitchenculturekit.com
• Miyazaki J, Tan BH, Errington SG.  Eradication of endophytic bacteria via treatment for axillary buds of Petunia hybrida using Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM^TM). PCTOC. 2010;102(3):365-372.